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1.
Rev. bras. entomol ; 59(3): 229-233, July-Sep. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762013

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTThis study aims to elucidate the bionomy of Peckia(Sarcodexia) lambens and Oxysarcodexia amorosa to provide data for medical, veterinary and forensic entomology analyses. We analyzed larval stage duration (L1–L3), weight of the mature larvae (L3), pupal stage duration, L1–adult duration, adult emergence and viability of larvae and adults of both species. Larval viability of P. (S.) lambens was 82% and the mean duration of the larval stage was 3.51 ± 0.99 days. The mature larvae had a mean weight of 33.67 ± 7.13 mg. The mean duration of the pupal stage was 8.26 ± 0.93 days and the mean duration of the L1–adult was 11.53 ± 1.22 days. Mean lifespan for females and males was 39.33 ± 1.52 and 57.33 ± 4.72 days, respectively. Larval viability of O. amorosa was 76% and mean duration of larval stage was 3.51 ± 0.64 days. Mature larvae had a mean weight of 28.28 ± 3.38 mg. Mean duration of the pupal stage was 10.14 ± 0.63 days and mean duration of the L1–adult was 13.60 ± 0.69 days. Mean lifespan for females and males was 83.66 ± 15.94 and 84.00 ± 19.97 days, respectively. Oxysarcodexia amorosa showed a L1–adult stage longer than P. (S.) lambens; however both species showed low viability. O. amorosa laid more larvae than P. (S.) lambens, this fact may occur because O. amorosa had longer life duration.

3.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 105(2): 191-198, Mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-544625

ABSTRACT

Brazilian studies involving entomological succession patterns in carcasses have been used to describe the necrophagous entomofauna of a determined municipality or region with forensic objectives. Following the same objectives, an ecological study with 10 calyptrate dipterans was carried out during the winter of 2007 and the summer of 2008 in the metropolitan region of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The aim of this study was to describe several aspects of the phenology of these species in three neighbouring areas. Carcasses of three domestic pigs (Sus scrofa L.) were used in each season as models for forensic and legal medicine investigations in the region. Temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were measured daily and their relations with population abundance of the colonising species and the decomposition stages were analysed. Ten fly species were recorded to be colonising the carcasses, five of which belonged to the Calliphoridae family, three to the Muscidae, one to the Fanniidae and one to the Sarcophagidae family. Data show preferences of these species for climatic season and decomposition stage, as well as for the studied area and suggest that short distances can significantly influence the abundance of some species.


Subject(s)
Animals , Diptera/classification , Postmortem Changes , Brazil , Diptera/physiology , Ecology , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Seasons , Sus scrofa , Urban Population
4.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 16(2): 95-99, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491383

ABSTRACT

O mexilhão Perna perna é a espécie de molusco bivalve predominante nas fazendas marinhas de todo o Brasil. O monitoramento bacteriológico de moluscos comercializados deve ser realizado frequentemente devido aos bivalves serem capazes de bioacumular patógenos presentes na coluna d’água onde crescem. Os mexilhões são animais filtradores utilizados para alimentação humana. Portanto, a contaminação ambiental afeta tanto a sanidade do animal quando a Saúde Coletiva. Os níveis de coliformes totais e termotolerantes presentes nos moluscos foram determinados através da técnica do Número Mais Provável (NMP) de abril de 2007 a março de 2008. Os níveis de coliformes totais nos tecidos dos mexilhões variaram de 0,27 a 160,94 NMP.g-1, enquanto os termotolerantes estiveram entre < 0,18 e 35,73 NMP.g-1. É possível que os coliformes presentes em tais concentrações sejam capazes de tornar os moluscos mais susceptíveis a fatores de estresse durante sua comercialização. Análises específicas para cada organismo patogênico e substâncias tóxicas precisam ser desenvolvidas.


The most predominant species of bivalve mollusc cultivated in Brazil’s marine farms is the brown mussel Perna perna. Bacteriological monitoring of commercialized shellfish has to be carried out frequently due to their ability to concentrate pathogens from the water column where they grow up. Mussels are filter-feeding animals used in human diet. Therefore, environmental contamination not only does affect their own sanitation, but also the public health. Total and fecal coliform levels present in shellfish were determined by the Most Probable Number (MPN) technique from April 2007 to March 2008. Total and thermotolerant coliform mean concentrations varied from 0,27 to 160,94 NMP.g-1 and < 0,18 to 35,73 NMP.g-1, respectively. There is a probability that such coliform concentrations are likely to turn mussels more susceptible to stress factors during their commercialization. Specific analyses for each pathogen and toxic substances are still to be carried out.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bivalvia/classification , Coliforms/analysis , Bioaccumulation/adverse effects , Environmental Monitoring , Bacteriological Techniques/methods
5.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 49(5): 733-738, Sept. 2006. mapas
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-449026

ABSTRACT

This study examined species richness and relative abundance of eusocial Apidae in an insular region of rain-forest, southeastern Brazil. Sampling took place during one year, using an standardized method with entomological net, at sites of secondary growth habitats surrounded by Atlantic rain-forest. Thirteen species of eusocial Apidae were netted at flowers, over 80 percent of the captured individuals were meliponine species, although the presence of Apis mellifera, commonly dominant in Brazilian habitats. Foraging activity of these bee species were essentially non-seasonal, apparently affected by high humidity. The patterns in abundance and species richness observed in Ilha Grande differed with other studies conducted at tropical islands, which were characterized by the poverty of meliponine species.


Esta pesquisa foi realizada em uma Ilha tropical do Sudeste brasileiro, onde se examinou a riqueza em espécies e sua abundância relativa de abelhas Apidae eussocias. A amostragem foi feita durante um ano, com pulçás entomológicos, utilizando-se método padrão de coleta em regiões de habitat secundário, cercado por floresta de mata Atlântica. Treze espécies de abelhas eussociais foram capturadas nas flores, mais de 80 por cento do total de espécimes eram meliponíneos, apesar da presença de Apis mellifera, comumente dominante nos hábitats brasileiros. O forrageamento das espécies de abelhas apresentou-se asazonal, com forte influência de períodos muito úmidos. Na Ilha Grande, padrões de abundância e riqueza em espécies contrastam com estudos realizados em outras ilhas, que se caracterizam pela baixa ocorrência de meliponíneos.

6.
Parasitol. latinoam ; 57(1/2): 15-20, ene.-jun. 2002. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-317509

ABSTRACT

The duration of the parasitic phase of Dermatobia hominis and the clinical changes of artificially infested cattle with this parasite larvae have been studied. A group consisting of six artificially infested animals with 60 newly hatched D. hominis larvae (L) per animal, as well as a control group of six animals, were used. The two groups of animals were weekly accompanied, until the 63nd day after the infestation (DAI), being evaluated the values of the rectal temperature and heart and respiratory rates. For occasion of the 7th DAI, it was already possible to observe the parasitic nodules in the subcutaneous tissues of the infested animals. With the larval development, these nodules reached about 2 to 3 cm of diameter, and the duration of the parasitic phase ranged from 33 to 41 days. In relation to the clinical parameters studied (rectal temperature, heart and respiratory rates), there were no significant differences (P>0,05) between the averages of infested group and control group, during the study period. The variations of the rectal temperature values showed, during the whole experimental period, unside of the normality limits. It was also verified in the infested and control animals a significant Pearson coefficient (r=0,89 <0,01) between the values of the respiratory rate and room temperature


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle , Diptera/pathogenicity , Myiasis , Body Temperature , Diptera/anatomy & histology , Diptera/growth & development , Heart Rate , Larva , Myiasis , Host-Parasite Interactions
7.
Parasitol. latinoam ; 57(1/2): 21-24, ene.-jun. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-317510

ABSTRACT

A larva da Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr., 1781) (Diptera: cuterebridae) causa una miíase nodular subcutánea que provoca perfuracoes irreversíveis na pele; fato esse que compromete a qualidade do couro, causando prejuízos em sua comercializacao. O presente trabalho objetivou verificar a localizacao e a distribuicao das larvas na superfície corporal dos bovinos, determinando a frequencia das infestacoes com relacao ao sexo, idade e cor da pelagem. Foi realizado um levantamento em 8.124 peles de bovinos abatidos em frigorífico do município de Nilópolis, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, para identificacao da localizacao e distribuicao das larvas. O couro teve a superfície dividida em quatro regioes: I (quadrante anterior esquerdo), II (quadrante anterior direito), III (quadrante posterior esquerdo), IV (quadrante posterior direiro). Registrou-se também a cor da pelagem e idade dos animais. Do total de couros examinados 84,8 por cento (6,888) estavam isentos de berne. A incidencia de parasitas na regiao I foi significativamente maior 33,4 por cento (3,029), na regiao II 30,9 por cento (2,796), na regiao III 20 por cento (1,813) na regiao IV 15,7 por cento (1,423). Com relacao a frequencia de ocorrencia por sexo, a presenca do berne foi significativamente maior nas femeas 16,7 por cento (342), do que nos machos 14,7 por cento (894). Em relacao a idade dos bovinos, nos animais adultos foram observados (15,4 por cento) dos nódulos, e nos jovens (12,1 por cento). A incidencia do berne por cor de pelagem foram mais frequentes na pelagem preta (18,1 por cento), preta e vermelha (15,4 por cento), preta e branca (15,3 por cento), vernelha (15,2 por cento), malhada (13,2 por cento) e cinza (11,8 por cento)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle , Diptera/pathogenicity , Myiasis , Larva , Myiasis , Host-Parasite Interactions , Skin
8.
Ciênc. rural ; 30(3): 449-53, maio-jun. 2000. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-273882

ABSTRACT

Foram estudadas as alteraçöes imunológicas em um grupo de seis bovinos infestados, experimentalmente, com 60 larvas de primeiro ínstar (L1) de Dermatobia hominis por animal, enquanto que outro grupo de seis animais foi utilizado como controle. Amostras de sangue tomadas, semanalmente, durante a infestaçäo experimental, foram analisadas para se detectar anticorpos anti-L1, anti-L2 e anti-L3 de D. hominis, utilizando-se a técnica de ELISA, na qual utilizou microplacas contendo amostras de soro dos animais e preparaçöes antigênicas de L1, L2 e L3. Observou-se nos animais infestados, o aparecimento de anticorpos anti-L1 desde o primeiro até o 21§ dia pós-infestaçäo (DPI) e após o 42§ DPI, enquanto que os anticorpos anti-L2 foram detectados no 21§ DPI, e no período do 35§ ao 49§ DPI, seguido de declínio até atingirem valores semelhantes aos animais controles. Näo se detectaram níveis expressivos de anticorpos para antígenos de L3. Os níveis de anticorpos anti-L1 dos animais infestados revelaram absorbância (D.O.) alta, ou seja, acima de 1,.500 a 492nm quando comparado ao valor médio de 0,096 obtido nos animais controles, o que também ocorreu com os níveis de anticorpos anti-L2 no 21§ DPI, nos quais dois animais apresentaram valores de D.O. de 0,450 e 0,900 a 492nm, em relaçäo ao valor discriminante (cut-off) estimado em 0,110 dos animais controles. Verificou-se um aumento dos níveis de anticorpos anti-L2 em quatro animais que também apresentaram resposta contra antígenos de L1. Os resultados obtidos com a técnica de ELISA, pressupondo-se uma prevalência de 50 por cento, quando comparados com a técnica padräo de imunodifusäo dupla, revelaram uma concordância de 98 por cento. Discutiu-se ainda a associaçäo entre infestaçäo e presença de anticorpos específicos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/immunology , Cattle Diseases/blood , Myiasis/immunology , Myiasis/veterinary , Prevalence , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Antibody Formation/immunology
9.
Parasitol. día ; 24(1/2): 63-6, ene.-jun. 2000. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-269433

ABSTRACT

The period pupal stage of dermatobia hominis has been studied from third instar larvae, extracted from cattle, under ambient temperature conditions. Emergency of adults of D. hominis ranged from 6,7 percent to 42,9 percent. The pupal stage duration ranged from 23 to 37 days, with average of 27,4 days. The average duration of this stage (27,0 days), in males, was significantly lower (P<0,01) than the females (27,7 days). It has been showed a significant Pearson correlation (r=-0,90, P<0,01) between pupal stage duration and minimum and maximum temperatures averages


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle/parasitology , Diptera/growth & development , Brazil , Diptera/anatomy & histology , Diptera/pathogenicity , Insect Vectors , Myiasis/parasitology , Pupa/growth & development , Host-Parasite Interactions
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